Refractory Bricks and Refracotry Material: 十二月 2016

2016年12月31日星期六

Service of Jinshi Refractory

Pre-Sales
● We have English-speaking sales to introduce our company and products
● Professional product and market advice for your investment in refractory kilns
● On-site investigation of the customers' project and propose solutions
● 24 hours enquiry accepted
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In-Sale
● We discuss the details of the contract with the customers so that there is no uncertainty
● Arrange products as per requirement
● Drawings and plant layout suggestion available
● Full documentation including products data, test and troubleshooting manuals

After-Sale
● Advice on refractory material and refractory bricks
● Service life guarantee
● 24 hours customer service
● Free product use training

Hot Products:
Alumina Bubble Brick                      High Aluminum Powder                    Corundum Brick                                  Brown Fused Alumina
Sillimanite, Andalusite Brick            Yellow Dextrin                                    Zircon Brick                                         Spherical Asphalt
Silicon Carbide Bricks                      Aluminum Powder                             Magnesium Chrome Zircon Brick          Aluminum Hydroxide
Low Porosity Clay Brick                   Flake Graphite                                    Bulk Refractories                                   Sodium Tripolyphosphate
High-Temperature Asphalt             Magnesium Aluminate Spinel            Instant Powdered Sodium Silicate        Hercynite
Hexametaphosphate                       Micro Silica                                         Heat-Resistant Stainless Steel Fibers    Silicon Carbide
Guangxi Pak Nai                              Metal Silica Fume                               Kyanite                                                   Alumina Hollow Ball
α Alumina Powder                           Refractory Castable                            Mullite                                                    High Alumina Cement

Monolithic Refractories Indicators

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Products		Zircon ramming mixes		Plasticizeable refractory		Lightweight castable
Products		Zirconium corundum material	Zircon material	High alumina material	Corundum material	1.0	1.5
Al₂O₃% ≥		45	—	65	80	—	—
ZrO₂% ≥		30	60	—	—	—	—
Bulk density g/cm³≥		3.1	3.45	2.2	2.6	1.0	1.5
Compressive strengthMpa ≥	Cold	14	10	14	18	2.0	6.0
Compressive strengthMpa ≥	Hot	55	40	14	18	2.0	6.0
Linear change %		±0.1	±1.0	±1.0	±0.5	－1.0	－1.0
Linear change %		1400℃ ×3h	1400℃×3h	1350℃×3h	1400℃×3h	1000℃×3h	1000℃×3h
Refractoriness ℃ ≥		1790	1790	1790	1790	1000	1300
Use		Glass furnace bottom ramming layer, filling wall spacer layer and furnace hot patching material		Furnace, soaking furnace, heat treatment and ladle		Furnace and thermal insulation lining of various furnaces

2016年12月25日星期日

Glass Furnace Refractories Indicators

Tubular trellis brick for regenerative chamber and standard brick
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Product		Fused combined magnesia					Fused combined magnesia chromite	Low porosity clay brick
Product		DMZ-98		DMZ-97	DMZ-96	DMZ-95	DMC-12	DN-45
Chemical composition%	MgO %		≥97.7	≥97	≥96	≥95	≥70
	SiO₂%		≤0.5	≤1.0	≤1.2	≤1.5	≤2.5
	CaO %			≤1.2	≤1.2	≤1.5	≤1.0
	Fe₂O₃%		≤0.6	≤0.9	≤1.0	≤1.2
	Cr₂O₃%						≥12
	Al₂O₃%							≥45
physical performance	Apparent porosity %		≤15	≤18	≤18	≤18	≤18	10～15
	Compressive strength at room temperatureMpa		≥60	≥65	≥60	≥60	≥40	≥45
	0.2MpaLoad softening temperatureT0.6 % ℃		＞1700	≥1700	≥1700	≥1700	≥1650	≥1400
	Bulk densityg/cm³		≥3.05	≥3.05	≥3.0	≥3.0	≥3.0	≥2.35
	Coefficient of thermal expansion % （℃）		1.9 (1400℃)
	Thermal Conductivity w/m．k 400℃ 700℃ 1100℃		7.5 5.5 4.2

2016年12月24日星期六

Data Sheet of Firing High-Purity Magnesia Brick

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Product		High purity magnesia brick				Directly bonded magnesia-chrome brick	Unfired brick magnesium zirconium brick
Chemical composition%	MgO %	≥97.5	≥96.5	≥96	≥95	≥60	76-85
	SiO₂%	＜0.5	≤1.5	≤1.5	≤2.0	＜0	ZrO₂ 6.5-13
	Fe₂O₃%	＜1.0	≤0.8	≤0.8
	Cr₂O₃%					≥12
Physical performance	Apparent porosity %	＜16	≤16	≤15	＜17	＜18	6～8
	Cold crushing strength Mpa	≥65	≥60	≥60	≥59	≥34
	0.2MpaLoad softening temperature T0.6 % ℃	≥1700	≥1700	≥1700	≥1650	≥1700	≥1600
	Bulk density g/cm³	≥3.1	≥3.05	≥3.05	2.95	2.95	≥3.15
	High temperature flexural strength Mpa 1400℃×3h	＞5.8		＞5.8		≥8

2016年12月20日星期二

Al - Si Firebrick for Glass Kiln

Product	Grade 3 alumina brick	Sillimanite brick		Mullite Brick	Corundum Mullite Brick	Sintering corundum brick
	LZ-55	GC-A	GC-B	M-70	CM-85	A-95
Al₂O₃%	≥55	≥60	≥65	≥70	≥85	≥95
SiO₂%	≤33	≤28	≤24
Compressive strength at room temperature Mpa	≥45	≥75	≥75	≥90	≥90	≥90
Bulk density g/cm³	≥2.35	≥2．40	≥2.45	≥2.55	≥2.80	≥3.20
0.2Mpa Load softening temperature T0.6 % ℃	≥1470	≥1550	≥1600	≥1650	≥1700	1700
Apparent porosity %	≤22	≤18	≤18	≤18	≤18	≤16

Refractory Classified on Fusion Temperature

Based on fusion temperature, refractories are classified into three types:

Normal refractory.
High refractory.
Super refractory.

Normal refractory

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Fusion temperature = 1580 ~ 1780 °C (e.g. Fire clay)

High refractory

Fusion temperature = 1780 ~ 2000 °C (e.g. Chromite)

Super refractory

Factors Affect Refractory Castable Performance

Castable can be classified by the raw materials (high alumina, corundum, silicon carbide), bulk density, refractoriness, acid-base properties and other many ways. Main factors that affect refractory castable performance can be following situations.

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1. Quality, content, impurities and stability of refractory materials.
2. Ratio of refractory aggregate and powder, the finess.
3. Binding agent (model, label type and amount).
4. Raw material mixing and amount and water-material ratio.
5. PH value.
6. Refractory castable construction, maintenance and refractory castable baking temperature and seasonal variations (construction temperature).
7. Castable shelf life.
8. Production processes and operations.
9. Castable various physical and chemical properties and physical and chemical indicators (volume density, porosity, flexural compressive strength, load softening temperature, linear change, among other factors).
10. Using environment.

Amount of Silicon Carbide Impact on the Iron Trough Castable Refractory

In order to improve the anti-corrosion iron slag in the iron trough castable refractory, silicon carbide powder and anti-oxidants are usually added in it.
With the increase of the amount of silicon carbide, castable gravity values decrease, after 1450 ℃ burning, the flexural strength is increasing, as well as the porosity.

Is well known, the shape of silicon carbide is flakes which is difficult to fill the voides between the particles in the matrix, resulting poor fluidity.
Above 1300 degrees, the surface of the silicon carbide particles is oxidized to form a protective film of silicon dioxide,
Meanwhile, the silica reactes with the matrix aluminum oxide, produces mullite accompanied by volume expansion,
and therefore gravity refractory castable strength continues to increase. Although the reaction product can fill part of the porosity castable,
However, the oxidation of silicon carbide and its own high-density ratio are small compared with corundum and aluminum material,
thus resulting in the increase of castable porosity, which is not conducive to slag resistance.

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When the working silicon carbide amount is less than 15%, castable apparent porosity is small, it can flow freely.
At the same time, users should choose a high content of silicon carbide with fewer impurities, formulated refractory castable gravity.

2016年12月15日星期四

Refractory Brick for High and Low Temperature Applications

Lower temperature applications

A range of other materials find use as firebricks for lower temperature applications. Magnesium oxide is often used as a lining for furnaces. Silica bricks are the most common type of bricks used for the inner lining of furnaces and incinerators. As the inner lining is usually of sacrificial nature, fire bricks of higher alumina content may be employed to lengthen the duration between re-linings. Very often cracks can be seen in this sacrificial inner lining shortly after being put into operation. They revealed more expansion joints should have been put in the first place, but these now become expansion joints themselves and are of no concern as long as structural integrity is not affected. Silicon carbide, with high abrasive strength, is a popular material for hearths of incinerators and cremators. Common red clay brick are used for chimneys and wood-fired ovens.

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Affects of Firing on MgO-C Bricks Performance and Structure

MgO-C brick performance will change greatly due to different firing conditions.
In order to study the mechanism of MgO-C changes in performance, Japan Kurosaki Harima company's technical staff make
8% lower graphite-based MgO-C brick as test material, by changing the firing time to investigate the thermal shock resistance of MgO-C, the matrix organizational structure and changes in composition distribution.

Sample Mgo-C brick is of 8% flake graphite and fused magnesia 92, plus 1% of aluminum metal powder, fired at 1400 ℃ for 10h and 30h.

Then look at the sample thermal shock resistance and organizational changes. Thermal shock test specimen is immersed in the molten iron 1600 ℃ 90s, and then cooled 30s, 3 cycles,
Compare the case of the test piece cracks appearance and cross section appears. Microstructure of the matrix using FE-SEM, EDS observation.

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Sectional image of the test sample after the thermal shock shows that 30h firing sample is with obvious cracks and poor thermal shock resistance.

Micrograph shows that the distribution of matrix of aluminum, magnesium, silicon, calcium After 30h fired sample,
the original fine powder of magnesium, silicon and calcium are still there.

This indicates that, due to the long time baking, the second combine is active in matrix, coupled with a high impurity content,
causing low melting material sintering, resulting in increased of elastic modulus, so thermal shock resistance is lowered.

Chemical Composition of Fire Clay

The chemical composition typical for fire clays are 23-34% Al2O3, 50-60% SiO2 and 6-27% loss on ignition together with various amounts of Fe2O3, CaO, MgO, K2O, Na2O and TiO2. Chemical analyses from two 19th-century sources, shown in table below, are somewhat lower in alumina although a more contemporary source quotes analyses that are closer.

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Fire clay compositions
	Thorpe			King			Shackelford
	Stonebridge	Eisenberg I	Eisenberg II	Newcastle 1	Newcastle 2	Newcastle 3	N/A
SiO₂ (%)	65.10	89.8	64.7	51.1	47.6	48.6	58.1
Al₂O₃ (%)	22.2	5.40	24.0	31.4	29.5	30.2	23.1
MgO (%)	0.18	0.09	0.40	1.54	0.71	1.91	1.00
CaO(%)	0.14	0.20	0.37	1.46	1.34	1.66	0.08
Iron Oxides (%)	0.18	0.09	0.40	4.63	9.13	4.06	2.40
K₂O (%)	0.18	0.61	2.40	not given in the text

Corundum Stereotype Refractories

Abstract: Many kinds of corundum materials can be prepared as a monolithic refractory products and aggregate powder.

Depending on the binding agent and construction, Corundum refractory can be divided into the following categories:

Corundum refractory castable: corundum, corundum - spinel, corundum -SiC-C quality

Corundum refractory plastic can: corundum, aggregate: all kinds of corundum; binding agent: sodium silicate, phosphate, organic binding agent.

Corundum refractory ramming material: corundum, aggregate: all kinds of corundum; binding agent: phosphoric acid, phosphate, etc.

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Corundum refractory mortar: for corundum refractory masonry joints

2016年12月10日星期六

Mullite Castable Technical Parameters

Mullite castable application: for large circulating fluidized bed boiler furnace, cyclones, return valve and positions of high flue gas velocity and high density solid velocity.

Mullite castable features: adopt high-quality corundum mullite aggregate, superfine powder, imported additives, with high compressive strength, excellent high temperature volume stability and thermal shock resistance, and excellent abrasion and erosion resistance.

Mullite castable Usage: Add water and stir into the mortar and casted.

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Mullite castable technical parameters:

1, chemical composition: (%) Al2O3≥92;
2, thermal conductivity: (W / m.k) 1200 ℃ hot surface ≤2.0;
3, Linear change: (%) 1350 ℃ × 3h ± 0.3;
4, Cold Crushing Strength: (MPa) 110 ℃ × 24h after drying> 55;
5, bulk density: (g / cm3) ≤3.0;
6, refractoriness: (℃) ≥1790;
7, Fe2O3≤0.5.

Performance of Lightweight High Alumina Castable

The performance of lightweight high alumina castable is decided by the chemical properties of the surface pores and pore size characteristics. Compared with other porous materials, lightweight high alumina castable has the following excellent performance: large opening holes interconnected pores, tortuous process, large specific surface area, high strength at room temperature and changing temperature, low density, good resistance, thermal shock resistance, high temperature resistance, chemical resistance, good filtering adsorption properties. Lightweight high alumina castable can be used as catalyst supports, fixed microorganisms, reverse osmosis membrane properties, fine foaming.

Lightweight high alumina castable can be fed by0 pump, shortening time of masonry stove. Gravity casting material is based on solid, fluid theory, combined with refractory characteristics of the application and the development of high-tech. Gravity casting material can make use of its own weight, without vibration, to achieve densification.

The product has the following advantages: good liquidity, a reasonable setting time; saving labor, effort, fast and convenient, high strength, long life. It has good insulation properties, high temperature, good thermal shock resistance, corrosion resistance, erosion resitance; and can be pumped transport, saving labor and time.

Corundum Brick Tangible Products

1, corundum refractory products: with more than Al2O398%, self-combination of solid sintering high purity brick products. Bonding phase is corundum with small amount of mullite, mainly used in the petrochemical industry gasifier, the carbon black reactor, gas furnace, ammonia decomposition furnace, high temperature secondary reformer, ultra-high temperature refractory ceramic kiln industry, metallurgical industry blast furnaces, etc.

corundum refractory products

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2, modified alumina bricks: ① low creep high alumina brick: For the creep temperature of 1500 ℃ -1550 ℃ of high alumina bricks, adding some raw materials of fused alumina and silica, it can get low rate creep high alumina brick. ② phosphate bonded alumina bricks: use the premium or a high bauxite as the main raw material, phosphoric acid or aluminum phosphate as binder solution and add a small amount of fused alumina, mullite, processed at 400-600℃. It is mainly used in iron stove, cement kilns, electric stove top, steel and ladle.

3, corundum mullite brick products: adopt fused corundum, tabular alumina, fused mullite and other raw materials, processed by ingredients, mixing, forming high-pressure, baked in high-temperature furnace. Main phase of Corundum mullite brick products is corundum, binder phase is mullite. Corundum mullite bricks are mainly used in high temperature ceramic firing kiln industry and push plates, load bearing panels kiln furniture.

LINKS: Corundum Brick | Corundum Mullite Brick | Corundum Mullite Light Brick | White Corundum | Brown Fused Alumina | Explosion-Proof Fiber |　Hercynite ｜Refractory Castable ｜α Alumina Powder ｜Heat-Resistant Stainless Steel Fibers ｜Hexametaphosphate ｜Chrome Oxide Green

Refractoriness of High Alumina Bricks

There are many types of high alumina bricks such as: blast alumina brick, casting port brick, etc. Its main advantage:
high intensity, strong resistance to corrosion, good thermal shock stability and performance.

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There are different refractoriness and melting point of high alumina brick.
In fact, the melting point is the critical point temperature of liquid crystal turnning to solid state.
Most of bricks is conposed of a lot of material, and its melting point is not constant,
Liguid began to melt completely requires a gradual process. Over a wide range of temperature environment,
Solid-liquid is present together, it can be explained bricks at a high temperature to soften and melt features,
so, we use refractoriness to measure, which is the temperature reacheing a certain degree of softening.

2016年12月3日星期六

Analysis of High Alumina Brick

1. Refractoriness

High Alumina brick refractoriness are higher than that of clay and semi-silica bricks, which can be up to 1750 ~ 1790 ℃. So it is high-grade refractory.

High Alumina brick

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2. Load Softening Temperature

Because of the high content in Al2O3, less impurities, less fusible vitreous, high alumina bricks have high load softening temperature than the clay brick, but it does not form reticulum due to mullite crystalline. Therefore, the load softening temperature is still not higher than that of silica brick.

3. Slag Resistance

There are much Al2O3 in alumina bricks, so it more close to neutral refractory, which is resistant to erosion of acid and alkaline slag. Because it contains SiO2, so high alumina bricks have weaker resistance to alkaline slag than acid-resistant slag.

LINKS: High Aluminum Powder | α Alumina Powder | Hercynite | Refractory Castable

Production Method of Alumina Hollow Ball Brick

Alumina hollow ball bricks are a new insulating refractory product taking alumina hollow ball as the main raw material. These bricks are mainly used in high-temperature industrial kilns (＜ 1800 °C ) and insulation equipment for the lining and insulation layers.

Alumina hollow ball bricks

Production methods of alumina bubble brick: Add raw aluminum into furnace melted liquid, then pour furnace to make the solution flowing out at set speed, so that the flowing stream form 60 ° -90 °flat nozzle. Blown by high-speed air at pressure 0.6-0.8MPa to form alumina hollow ball. According to a certain proportion, batch hollow ball alumina with sintered alumina powder and binder, Then processed by forming, drying, calcining to obtain alumina bubble brick.

Alumina hollow ball has significant insulation properties, low thermal conductivity, which has a very good insulation effect, reduce heat dissipation, improve thermal efficiency, and thus saving energy up to 30%.

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Mineral Composition of Chromium Corundum Brick

Main mineral composition of Chromium corundum is α-Al2O3-Cr2O3 solid solution.
Secondary mineral composition are a small amount of composite spinel (or without compound spinel),chromium oxide content of 1% to 30%.

Chromium Corundum can be cast chromium corundum bricks and fired bricks.
Under normal circumstances chrome corundum bricks refers to sintering chrome corundum brick.
Use α-Al2O3 as raw material, adding an appropriate amount of chromium oxide powder and chromium corundum clinker powder
Processed by molding, firing at high temperatures.

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Sintered chromium bricks are bricks with chromium oxide content generally lower than the cast chromium corundum brick.
It can also be prepared by slurry casting method, mixing the α-Al2O3 powder and chromium oxide powder evenly,
add glue solution and organic binder making thick mud, while adding some chrome corundum clinker,
grout into adobe, and then fired.

Chromium corundum can be used as a glass kiln lining, brushed glass liquid flow hole cover brick and lining
for hot metal pretreatment device, waste incinerators, coal slurry gasifier.

Silica Fume Adding Ratio

Silica fume is a new high-performance buildings or concrete admixture miserable mixture.
It is widely used in various industries for refractory casting materials, industrial floor, wall insulation, filling materials,
foam cement concrete. Under normal circumstances the adding of silica fume can be two ways, blended within and mixed outside.
Addition amount of silica fume is generally 5-10% of cementitious materials (cement, plaster, water glass, etc.)
Silica fume shall be used with water-reducing agent, proposed re-mixed with fly ash and ground mining powder to improve its workability.

Silica fume

The mix ratio of Silica fume and concrete and castable shall be carried out by technology sector.
There are two ways of silica fume adding:
1. After adding aggregate, add silica fume and cement without delay, then add water and other admixtures.
2. Add coarse aggregate + 75% water + silica fume + 50% fine aggregate, and stirred for 15-30 seconds,
then put cement + additive + 50% fine aggregate + 25% water and stirred.Stirring time is 20-25% longer than that of ordinary cement
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